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Svn / subversion tool (version control for source code)
Contents |
Overview
Subversion (svn) is is an open source application which allows development teams to safely coordinate and track software source code changes: svn manages (track changes) data in files and directories, through a central repository, shared by distant users.
Subversion is designed specifically to be a modern replacement for CVS; for those who have experienced CVS, svn offers the same services with similar commands, but has some really news and powerful features.
Subversion is a client/server application.
The architecture is the following:
svn repository on Go4IT platform
The repository represents a file system tree. It is located at http://www.go4-it.eu/svnrepos/Go4IT and is organized as follow:
svn client for developers
You need to run a svn client on your local machine. The following are supported SVN clients:
* TortoiseSVN (Graphical interface integrated with windows explorer), for Microsoft Windows.http://tortoisesvn.tigris.org/ * The official SVN client (command line interface), included in most Linux and BSD distributions; available for Linux, BSD, Mac OS X, and Windows ...
Tortoise: getting started
TortoiseSVN is integrated in Windows Explorer for operations: the status of files and directories is shown by an icon directly set on the file or directory icon. A right clic in a directory shows a contextual pop up menu with the possible operations.
How to proceed:
- 0. Create an empty directory (eg: Go4IT platform)
- 1. Get the first copy of the repository (checkout)
right click on the "Go4IT platform" directory, and select the "SVN Checkout ..." menu item
Configure the URL of the repository as follow, and give the authentication data:
Remark: if you are not sure of what you are doing, the following adress can be used for test purposes: http://www.go4-it.eu/svnrepos/SandBox/
SVN copies the files from the distant repository to your Checkout directory:
The local working copy is created and svn status is shown directly on the icon (green: uptodate) + the possible current operations are listed in the contextual menu right click).
- 2. Receive other's changes (update)
Chose SNV Update: you will receive the changes if any.
- 3. Locally work on your copy (add, delete, copy, move, or modify a file)
TortoiseSVN shows the locally modified files status:
- 4. and examine your changes (statuss, diff, revert):
Right click on a file, chose "Diff" in the "TortoiseSVN" menu
- 5. Locally merge other's changes if any (update, resolved)
- 6. Publish your changes on the repository (commit)
Right clic in the directory, then Give a comment for the changes
SVN client lists the modified files, then send the files to the repository, and add 1 to the revision number of the repository:
svn client / command line
The command line client has the same features than the Turtoise one (with same names), but the advantage of being a command line utility. The complete command line tool is described in :The Subversion Command Line Client: svn
Anyway, to just get started, what you need is:
svn checkout --username <username> http://www.go4-it.eu/svnrepos/Go4IT
(It may be possible that the first time fails after entering the password. The secont time shall not ask for the password and work). Afterward, commands like add, up, etc. will just work.
This chapter of the book describes in details:
- svn swiches
- svn subcommands, with syntax, examples and possible swiches
For a basic use:
- svn add Add files, directories, or symbolic links.
- svn copy Copy a file or directory in a working copy or in the repository.
- svn mkdir Create a new directory under version control.
- svn delete Delete an item from a working copy or the repository.
- svn export Export a clean directory tree.
- svn import Commit an unversioned file or tree into the repository.
- svn move Move a file or directory
- svn diff Display the differences between two paths.
- svn merge Apply the differences between two sources to a working copy path.
- svn resolved Remove conflicted state on working copy files or directories.
- svn revert Undo all local edits.
- svn status Print the status of working copy files and directories.
- svn update Update your working copy.
- svn checkout Check out a working copy from a repository.
- svn commit Send changes from your working copy to the repository.
See Also
Further reading: